processes for general shapes

Bench Molding - operations are performed by hand. Quality and part-to-part consistency depend largely on the skill of the operator. The labor-intensive nature of bench molding usually restricts it to prototypes or short production runs. Patterns are another significant cost factor, especially if their cost cannot be amortized over a large number of castings. Still, bench molding remains the most economical method when only a few castings must be produced.